OBJECTIVE:

To describe the epidemiological picture of schistosomiasis in the context of the Schistosomiasis Control Program (SCP) in Sergipe State, Brazil.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

An ecological time series study was conducted based on secondary data from the Information System of the Schistosomiasis Control Program of the State Secretary of Health of Sergipe, 2008-2017. Data were analyzed using TabWin, Joinpoint Regression, and BioEstat.

RESULTS:

On average, 36.7 ± 5.6 municipalities participated in the SCP, with 677,841 exams performed, of which 59,996 were positive (annual average of 8.6% ± 1.2%); 4,566 of the positive cases had a high parasitic burden (7.9% ± 2.1%). Of all positive cases, 42,779 were treated (68.7% ± 9.5%). The percentage of cases with a high parasitic load showed a statistically significant increasing trend (5.7% per year). There was a statistically significant downward trend in the number of municipalities joining the SCP (4.0% per year) and the number of tests performed (9.6% per year). Regarding the spatial distribution of schistosomiasis, in 2011, the year with the highest number of municipalities adhering to the SCP, five, 30, and 10 municipalities were considered, respectively, of high, medium, and low endemicity. In 2017, Siriri was considered to be highly endemic, 20 municipalities were of medium endemicity, and five of low endemicity.

CONCLUSION:

The actions of the SCP decreased in Sergipe, in addition to the apparent underreporting of cases and the increase in cases with a high parasitic burden, compromising the gains obtained in the control of the disease.

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