OBJECTIVE:

To synthesize scientific evidence on the application of climate modeling in the surveillance of tropical diseases in the Amazon, with emphasis on the role of nursing, seeking to understand how technological advances can be translated into territorialized and humanized care practices.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Following PRISMA guidelines, 48 studies published between 2013 and 2023 were analyzed, retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, and SciELO databases, using combinations of descriptors related to climate, tropical diseases, and nursing. Methodological quality was assessed using tools such as the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist.

RESULTS:

The findings revealed that most studies focused on malaria (45.8%), dengue (29.2%), and leishmaniasis (16.7%), predominantly using climatic variables such as temperature and precipitation. Only 18.8% of the studies described nursing interventions based on climatic evidence, highlighting expanded notification protocols and community education initiatives. Major barriers included the fragmentation of surveillance systems (56.3%), limited professional training (39.6%), and the disconnection between predictive models and local realities.

CONCLUSION:

Despite the potential of climate modeling to anticipate risk scenarios, its integration into nursing practice in the Amazon remains incipient, requiring transdisciplinary approaches that connect scientific accuracy, traditional knowledge, and health equity. The development of participatory tools, critical professional training, and public policies sensitive to the region's sociocultural diversity is recommended to ensure that technological innovations strengthen rather than replace humanized care in vulnerable contexts.