OBJECTIVE:

To characterize the clinical-epidemiological and socioeconomic profile, as well as the geographic origin, of patients with thyroid cancer treated at a referral hospital in Pará State, Brazil.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This observational, descriptive, retrospective, and quantitative study analyzed 529 medical records of patients diagnosed between 2018 and 2022. Clinical, sociodemographic, and geographic variables were collected. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS® v20.0, with results presented as absolute and relative frequencies. Georeferencing was conducted through thematic mapping based on cartographic data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, using the SIRGAS 2000 projection (EPSG 4674).

RESULTS:

The sample was predominantly female (84.5%) and had a mean age of 45.3 years. Most patients resided in the Metropolitan Region of Belém (42.1%), had low household income (≤ 2 minimum wages), and had completed up to secondary education. Stage I was the most frequent at diagnosis. Spatial analysis revealed a concentration of cases in urban areas near specialized centers, whereas more distant municipalities showed fewer recorded cases.

CONCLUSION:

The patient profile was characterized by a predominance of women with low educational attainment and income, primarily residing in the Metropolitan Region of Belém. These findings highlight the need to decentralize oncology services and develop public policies to ensure equitable access to thyroid cancer diagnosis and treatment in Pará.