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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0104-1673</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Informe Epidemiológico do Sus]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Inf. Epidemiol. Sus]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0104-1673</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Nacional de Epidemiologia, Fundação Nacional de Saúde, Ministério da Saúde]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0104-16732002000400006</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5123/S0104-16732002000400006</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Situação atual da hepatite B e D na região de Cotriguaçu, Amazônia Mato-grossense, 2001]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Current situation of hepatitis B and D in the Amazon region of Cotriguaçu, Mato Grosso State, 2001]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Souto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco José Dutra]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fontes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cor Jésus Fernandes]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oliveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sérgio Souza]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yonamine]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fábio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Débora Regina Lopes dos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gaspar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana Maria Coimbra]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Faculdade de Ciências Médicas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Departamento de Virologia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2002</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2002</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>241</fpage>
<lpage>243</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iec.gov.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0104-16732002000400006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iec.gov.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0104-16732002000400006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iec.gov.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0104-16732002000400006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri></article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="right"><b><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a name="topo"></a>NOTA    PR&Eacute;VIA<a href="#nota"><font size="3">*</font></a></font></b></p>     <p align="right">&nbsp;</p>     <p><font size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><b>Situa&ccedil;&atilde;o    atual da hepatite B e D na regi&atilde;o de Cotrigua&ccedil;u, Amaz&ocirc;nia    Mato-grossense, 2001 </b></font></p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> <b>Current situation    of hepatitis B and D in the Amazon region of Cotrigua&ccedil;u, Mato Grosso    State, 2001</b></font></p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p>&nbsp; </p>     <p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> <b>Francisco Jos&eacute;    Dutra Souto<sup>I</sup>; Cor J&eacute;sus Fernandes Fontes<sup>I</sup> ; S&eacute;rgio    Souza Oliveira<sup>I</sup>; F&aacute;bio Yonamine<sup>I</sup>; D&eacute;bora    Regina Lopes dos Santos<sup>II</sup>; Ana Maria Coimbra Gaspar<sup>II</sup></b></font></p>     <p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><sup>I</sup>Faculdade    de Ci&ecirc;ncias M&eacute;dicas / Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso    <br>   <sup>II</sup>Departamento de Virologia / Instituto Oswaldo Cruz</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="#endereco">Correspond&ecirc;ncia    para</a></font></p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><b>SUMMARY</b></font></p>     <p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> <b>BACKGROUND:</b>    A community outbreak of hepatitis B among recently settled farmers in Cotrigua&ccedil;u    County in the northwestern area of Mato Grosso State, Brazil, occurred in 1995.    There was a vaccination campaign in the counties of the region. In the following    years, efforts were made to maintain the vaccination of new immigrants. To assess    the current status of HBV and HDV infection in the countryside of Cotrigua&ccedil;u    a cross-sectional survey was designed and carried out in 2001.    <br>   </font><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><b>MATERIAL    AND METHODS:</b>The cross-sectional survey was designed to include the    entire population of the villages. The settlers who agreed to participate in    the study were asked for written consent. Participants were interviewed and    bled to test for HBV and HDV markers. Anti-HBc-positive subjects were considered    as HBV exposed, independently if positive for HbsAg or anti-HBs. Participants    were considered to be responders to vaccination if they were vaccinated, had    anti-HBs titers higher than 10U/L and were negative for HbsAg and anti-HBc.    HBsAg carriers were tested for HBD antibodies. Univariate and multivariate analyses,    including linear and logistic regression models were performed.     <br>   <b>RESULTS:</b> A total of 335 of 838 study participants (40%;    95% CI:36.7-43.4) had been exposed to HBV. Eighteen (2.1%; 95% CI:1.3-3.4) were    HBV carriers; 342 (40.8%; 95% CI:37.5-44.2) were considered as vaccine responders,    and 161 (19.2%; 95% CI:16.6-22.1) were susceptible to HBV infection. Previous    vaccination was reported by 580/802 (72.3%) subjects, and 40.2% had received    the complete schedule. After adjustment with multivariate analyses, the following    variables were independently associated with HBV markers: sexual activity (p&lt;0.01),    regular use of alcohol (p&lt;0.01), household contact with hepatitis cases (p&lt;0.02),    having lived in mining camps (p&lt;0.02) and older age (p&lt;0.05). Anti-HBs    titers among immune subjects were assessed. Having received vaccination, at    least one dose, and to have been naturally exposed to HBV were associated with    higher anti-HBs titers (p&lt;0.001). Five of 18 HBV carriers (28%) were coinfected    with HDV.    <br>   </font><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><b>CONCLUSIONS:</b>    This survey showed a change in the HBV epidemiological pattern from high to    moderate prevalence (40% exposed and 2% of HBV carriers). Vaccine coverage analysis    shows that the pool of susceptibles is small. New HBV outbreaks will not likely    take place again in this region. The increasing number of HDV infection can    result in this area becoming hyperendemic.</font></p>     <p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> <b>Key words:</b>    Hepatitis B Epidemiology; Emigration and Immigration; Amazon.</font></p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> <b>RESUMO</b></font></p>     <p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><b>DELINEAMENTO    DO PROBLEMA: </b>Em 1995, foi identificada epidemia comunit&aacute;ria    de hepatite B entre colonos ent&atilde;o recentemente assentados em Cotrigua&ccedil;u,    no noroeste mato-grossense. Houve campanha de vacina&ccedil;&atilde;o nos munic&iacute;pios    da regi&atilde;o. Nos anos seguintes, manteve-se a estrat&eacute;gia de vacinar    os migrantes que continuaram chegando. Para avaliar a atual situa&ccedil;&atilde;o    da infec&ccedil;&atilde;o pelo VHB na regi&atilde;o rural de Cotrigua&ccedil;u,    foi planejado inqu&eacute;rito sobre a preval&ecirc;ncia dos marcadores do v&iacute;rus    da hepatite B (VHB) e do v&iacute;rus de hepatite D (VHD) em 2001.    <br>   </font><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><b>MATERIAL    E M&Eacute;TODOS: </b>Este estudo, tipo corte-transversal, foi desenhado    para rastrear todos os habitantes das vilas. Aos moradores, foi solicitado consentimento    por escrito. Foi realizada entrevista e coleta de sangue para testar presen&ccedil;a    de marcadores de hepatite B e D. Considerou-se como expostos &agrave; infec&ccedil;&atilde;o    pelo VHB os indiv&iacute;duos com anti-HBc positivo, independente de serem positivos    ou n&atilde;o para o HBsAg ou anti-HBs. Foram considerados como respondedores    &agrave; vacina aqueles vacinados contra o VHB, com t&iacute;tulos de anti-HBs    acima de 10U/L, e com HBsAg e anti-HBc negativos. Os portadores do VHB foram    submetidos &agrave; pesquisa de anticorpos contra o VHD. Foram feitas an&aacute;lises    univariada e multivariada, com regress&otilde;es linear e log&iacute;stica.        <br>  <b>RESULTADOS:    </b>De 838 participantes, 335 (40%; IC95%: 36,7-43,4) foram infectados    pelo VHB e 18 (2,1%; IC95%: 1,3-3,4) eram portadores do HBsAg. Foram considerados    respondedores &agrave; vacina contra o VHB, 342 (40,8%; IC95%: 37,5-44,2). Os    outros 161 (19,2%; IC95%: 16,6-22,1) eram ainda suscet&iacute;veis ao VHB. De    802 indiv&iacute;duos que responderam &agrave; pergunta, 72,3% informaram vacina&ccedil;&atilde;o    pr&eacute;via contra o VHB e 40,2% afirmaram ter tomado as tr&ecirc;s doses.    Ap&oacute;s an&aacute;lise multivariada, mantiveram associa&ccedil;&atilde;o    independente com os marcadores do VHB: atividade sexual (p&lt;0,01), uso regular    de &aacute;lcool (p&lt;0,01), contato domiciliar com hepatite (p&lt;0,02) e    ter vivido em garimpo (p&lt;0,02), assim como pertencer &agrave; faixa et&aacute;ria    mais elevada (p&lt;0,05). A avalia&ccedil;&atilde;o de determinantes dos t&iacute;tulos    de anti-HBs nos imunes, controlados por idade e fatores de risco, demonstrou    que o fato de ter tomado ao menos uma dose da vacina (p&lt;0,001) esteve associado    independentemente a maiores t&iacute;tulos de anti-HBs, assim como ter tido    a infec&ccedil;&atilde;o natural pelo VHB (p&lt;0,001). Cinco (28%) dos 18 portadores    do HBsAg tiveram infec&ccedil;&atilde;o tamb&eacute;m pelo VHD.    <br>  <b>CONCLUS&Otilde;ES:</b>    Este inqu&eacute;rito demonstra mudan&ccedil;a do padr&atilde;o epidemiol&oacute;gico    de hepatite B de alta para moderada preval&ecirc;ncia (40% expostos e 2% de    portadores). An&aacute;lise dos &iacute;ndices de cobertura vacinal mostram    que o <i> pool </i> de suscet&iacute;veis atualmente &eacute; pequeno na regi&atilde;o    e dificilmente sustentar&aacute; novos surtos de hepatite B como vistos anteriormente.    O crescimento dos casos de VHD pode tornar a regi&atilde;o hiperend&ecirc;mica    para essa infec&ccedil;&atilde;o.</font></p>     <p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><b>Palavras-chave:</b>    Epidemiologia da Hepatite B; Movimentos Migrat&oacute;rios; Amaz&ocirc;nia.    </font></p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><b><a name="endereco"></a><a href="#topo"><img src="/img/revistas/iesus/v11n4/seta.gif" border="0"></a>Correspond&ecirc;ncia    para:</b>    <br>   Francisco Jos&eacute; Dutra Souto    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<br>   Rua L, s/no - Alvorada     <br>   CEP: 78.070-720    <br>   Cuiab&aacute;-MT    <br>   E-mail:<a href="mailto:fsouto@terra.com.br">fsouto@terra.com.br</a></font></p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><b>Apoio financeiro:</b></font></p>     <p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Pesquisa componente    do Programa de Desenvolvimento Cient&iacute;fico do Centro Nacional de Epidemiologia    - Funda&ccedil;&atilde;o Nacional de Sa&uacute;de. Financiada pelo Projeto de    Estrutura&ccedil;&atilde;o do Sistema Nacional de Vigil&acirc;ncia em Sa&uacute;de    do SUS (VIGISUS).</font></p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="#topo">*</a><a name="nota"></a>Essa    se&ccedil;&atilde;o n&atilde;o passa pela revis&atilde;o por pares.</font></p>     ]]></body>
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